Learning-Based Tracking-before-Detect for RF-Based Unconstrained Indoor Human Tracking

Learning-Based Tracking-before-Detect for RF-Based Unconstrained Indoor Human Tracking

Zhi Wu, Dongheng Zhang, Zixin Shang, Yuqin Yuan, Hanqin Gong, Binquan Wang, Zhi Lu, Yadong Li, Yang Hu, Qibin Sun, Yan Chen

Proceedings of the Thirty-Third International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence
Main Track. Pages 6098-6106. https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2024/674

Existing efforts on human tracking using wireless signal are primarily focused on constrained scenarios with only a few individuals in empty spaces. However, in practical unconstrained scenarios with severe interference and attenuation, accurate multi-person tracking has been intractable. In this paper, we propose NeuralTBD, utilizing the capability of deep models and advancement of Tracking-Before-Detect (TBD) methodology to achieve accurate human tracking. TBD is a classical tracking methodology from signal processing accumulating measurement in time domain to distinguish target traces from interference, which however relies on handcrafted shape/motion models, impeding efficacy in complex indoor scenarios. To tackle this challenge, we build an end-to-end learning-based TBD framework leverages the advanced modeling capabilities of deep models to significantly enhance the performance of TBD. To evaluate NeuralTBD, we collect an RF-based tracking dataset in unconstrained scenarios, which encompasses 4 million annotated radar frames with up to 19 individuals acting in 6 different scenarios. NeuralTBD realizes a 70% improvement in performance compared to conventional TBD methods. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt dealing with RF-based unconstrained human tracking. The code and dataset will be released.
Keywords:
Multidisciplinary Topics and Applications: MTA: Sensor networks and smart cities
Multidisciplinary Topics and Applications: MTA: Ubiquitous computing cystems