---
title: "Modeling Liquid Democracy: A Survey of the (Computational) Social Choice Literature"
authors:
  - "Davide Grossi"
  - "Andreas Nitsche"
  - "Georgios Papasotiropoulos"
doi: "10.24963/ijcai.2026/872"
url: "https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2026/872"
pdf: "https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2026/0872.pdf"
venue: "Proceedings of the Thirty-Fifth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence"
year: 2026
pages: "7855-7863"
track: "Survey Track"
keywords:
  - "Game Theory and Economic Paradigms: Computational social choice"
---

# Modeling Liquid Democracy: A Survey of the (Computational) Social Choice Literature

Davide Grossi, Andreas Nitsche, Georgios Papasotiropoulos

*Proceedings of the Thirty-Fifth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence*, pages 7855-7863. DOI: [10.24963/ijcai.2026/872](https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2026/872)

## Abstract

Liquid democracy encompasses a family of decision-making processes where votes can be cast directly or passed along proxy chains. We provide a community-maintainable and systematic survey of (computational) social choice papers on liquid democracy, organized through a searchable taxonomy of core modeling features that have appeared in the literature. Drawing on the insights from our survey, we also outline a number of research directions, which we consider of special importance for both the theory and practice of liquid democracy.