{"type":"ScholarlyArticle","title":"A Survey on Using Gaze Behaviour for Natural Language Processing","authors":[{"name":"Sandeep Mathias","slug":"sandeep-mathias","given":"Sandeep","family":"Mathias","affiliation":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay"},{"name":"Diptesh Kanojia","slug":"diptesh-kanojia","given":"Diptesh","family":"Kanojia","affiliation":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; IITB-Monash Research Academy"},{"name":"Abhijit Mishra","slug":"abhijit-mishra","given":"Abhijit","family":"Mishra","affiliation":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay"},{"name":"Pushpak Bhattacharya","slug":"pushpak-bhattacharya","given":"Pushpak","family":"Bhattacharya","affiliation":"Indian Institute of Technology Bombay"}],"abstract":"Gaze behaviour has been used as a way to gather cognitive information for a number of years. In this paper, we discuss the use of gaze behaviour in solving different tasks in natural language processing (NLP) without having to record it at test time. This is because the collection of gaze behaviour is a costly task, both in terms of time and money. Hence, in this paper, we focus on research done to alleviate the need for recording gaze behaviour at run time. We also mention different eye tracking corpora in multiple languages, which are currently available and can be used in natural language processing. We conclude our paper by discussing applications in a domain - education - and how learning gaze behaviour can help in solving the tasks of complex word identification and automatic essay grading.","doi":"10.24963/ijcai.2020/683","url":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2020/683","pdf":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2020/0683.pdf","markdown":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2020/683.md","bibtex":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2020/bibtex/683","volume":{"slug":"2020","title":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","short_title":"IJCAI 2020","url":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2020/","year":2020,"location":"Yokohama","dates":"January 2021 (postponed from 11-17 July 2020)","editors":"Christian Bessiere","isbn":"978-0-9992411-6-5","publisher":"International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization","doi_prefix":"10.24963/ijcai.2020"},"section":"Survey track","track":"Survey track","number":683,"pages":{"first":4907,"last":4913},"keywords":["Natural Language Processing: general"],"videos":[],"references":[{"position":1,"raw":"[Alikaniotis et al., 2016] Dimitrios Alikaniotis, Helen Yan- nakoudakis, and Marek Rei. 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