{"type":"ScholarlyArticle","title":"Softpressure: A Schedule-Driven Backpressure Algorithm for Coping with Network Congestion","authors":[{"name":"Hsu-Chieh Hu","slug":"hsu-chieh-hu","given":"Hsu-Chieh","family":"Hu","affiliation":"Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh , PA , USA"},{"name":"Stephen F. Smith","slug":"stephen-f-smith","given":"Stephen F.","family":"Smith","affiliation":"Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh , PA , USA"}],"abstract":"We consider the problem of minimizing the the delay of jobs moving through a directed graph of service nodes.  In this problem, each node may have several links and is constrained to serve one link at a time.  As jobs move through the network, they can pass through a node only after they have been serviced by that node. The objective is to minimize the delay jobs incur sitting on queues waiting to be serviced.  Two popular approaches to this problem are backpressure algorithm and schedule-driven control.  In this paper, we present a hybrid approach of those two methods that incorporates the stability of queuing theory into the schedule-driven control.  We then demonstrate how this hybrid method outperforms the other two in a real-time traffic signal control problem, where the nodes are traffic lights, the links are roads, and the jobs are vehicles.  We show through simulations that, in scenarios with heavy congestion, the hybrid method results in 50% and 15% reductions in delay over schedule-driven control and backpressure respectively. A theoretical analysis also justifies our results.","doi":"10.24963/ijcai.2017/604","url":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2017/604","pdf":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2017/0604.pdf","markdown":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2017/604.md","bibtex":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2017/bibtex/604","volume":{"slug":"2017","title":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","short_title":"IJCAI 2017","url":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2017/","year":2017,"location":"Melbourne, Australia","dates":"19-25 August 2017","editors":"Carles Sierra","isbn":"978-0-9992411-0-3","publisher":"International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization","doi_prefix":"10.24963/ijcai.2017"},"section":"Planning and Scheduling","track":"Main track","number":604,"pages":{"first":4324,"last":4330},"keywords":["Planning and Scheduling: Real-time Planning","Planning and Scheduling: Planning and Scheduling","Planning and Scheduling: Applications of Planning","Planning and Scheduling: Scheduling"],"videos":[],"references":[{"position":1,"raw":"[Daganzo, 1998] Carlos F Daganzo. 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