{"type":"ScholarlyArticle","title":"Tosca: Operationalizing Commitments Over Information Protocols","authors":[{"name":"Thomas C. King","slug":"thomas-c-king","given":"Thomas C.","family":"King","affiliation":"Lancaster University , Lancaster , LA1 4WA , United Kingdom"},{"name":"Akın Günay","slug":"ak-n-gunay","given":"Akın","family":"Günay","affiliation":"Lancaster University , Lancaster , LA1 4WA , United Kingdom"},{"name":"Amit K. Chopra","slug":"amit-k-chopra","given":"Amit K.","family":"Chopra","affiliation":"Lancaster University , Lancaster , LA1 4WA , United Kingdom"},{"name":"Munindar P. Singh","slug":"munindar-p-singh","given":"Munindar P.","family":"Singh","affiliation":"North Carolina State University , Raleigh , NC 27695-8206 , USA"}],"abstract":"The notion of commitment is widely studied as a high-level abstraction for modeling multiagent interaction.  An important challenge is supporting flexible decentralized enactments of commitment specifications. In this paper, we combine recent advances on specifying commitments and information protocols. Specifically, we contribute Tosca, a technique for automatically synthesizing information protocols from commitment specifications. Our main result is that the synthesized protocols support commitment alignment, which is the idea that agents must make compatible inferences about their commitments despite decentralization.","doi":"10.24963/ijcai.2017/37","url":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2017/37","pdf":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2017/0037.pdf","markdown":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2017/37.md","bibtex":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2017/bibtex/37","volume":{"slug":"2017","title":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","short_title":"IJCAI 2017","url":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2017/","year":2017,"location":"Melbourne, Australia","dates":"19-25 August 2017","editors":"Carles Sierra","isbn":"978-0-9992411-0-3","publisher":"International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization","doi_prefix":"10.24963/ijcai.2017"},"section":"Agent-based and Multi-agent Systems","track":"Main track","number":37,"pages":{"first":256,"last":264},"keywords":["Agent-based and Multi-agent Systems: Normative systems","Agent-based and Multi-agent Systems: Agent Communication"],"videos":[],"references":[{"position":1,"raw":"[Baldoni et al., 2013] Matteo Baldoni, Cristina Baroglio, Elisa Marengo, and Viviana Patti. Constitutive and Regulative Specifications of Commitment Protocols: a Decoupled Approach. ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology (TIST), 4(2), 2013.","title":"Constitutive and Regulative Specifications of Commitment Protocols: a Decoupled Approach","authors":"Matteo Baldoni, Cristina Baroglio, Elisa Marengo, Viviana Patti","year":"2013","venue":"ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology (TIST)","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":2,"raw":"[Baldoni et al., 2015] Matteo Baldoni, Cristina Baroglio, Amit K. Chopra, and Munindar P. Singh. Composing and Verifying Commitment-Based Multiagent Protocols. In Pro- ceedings of the 24th International Joint Conference on Arti- ficial Intelligence (IJCAI), pages 10-17. AAAI Press, 2015.","title":"Composing and Verifying Commitment-Based Multiagent Protocols","authors":"Matteo Baldoni, Cristina Baroglio, Amit K Chopra, Munindar P Singh","year":"2015","venue":"Proceedings of the 24th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI)","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":"/proceedings/2015/9"},{"position":3,"raw":"[Boissier et al., 2013] Olivier Boissier, Rafael H. Bordini, Jomi F. Hübner, Alessandro Ricci, and Andrea Santi. Multi-agent oriented programming with JaCaMo. Science of Computer Programming, 78(6):747-761, 2013.","title":"Multi-agent oriented programming with JaCaMo","authors":"Olivier Boissier, Rafael H Bordini, F Jomi, Alessandro Hübner, Andrea Ricci, Santi","year":"2013","venue":"Science of Computer Programming","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":4,"raw":"[Bulling et al., 2013] Nils Bulling, Mehdi Dastani, and Max Knobbout. Monitoring norm violations in multi-agent systems. In Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi-agent Systems (AAMAS 2013), pages 491-498. International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, 2013.","title":"Monitoring norm violations in multi-agent systems","authors":"Bulling","year":"2013","venue":"Proceedings of the 2013 International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi-agent Systems (AAMAS 2013)","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":5,"raw":"[Chesani et al., 2013] Federico Chesani, Paola Mello, Marco Montali, and Paolo Torroni. Representing and monitoring social commitments using the event calculus. Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, 27(1):85-130, 2013.","title":"Representing and monitoring social commitments using the event calculus","authors":"Federico Chesani, Paola Mello, Marco Montali, Paolo Torroni","year":"2013","venue":"Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":6,"raw":"[Chopra and Singh, 2008] Amit K. Chopra and Munindar P. Singh. Constitutive interoperability. In Proceedings of the 7th International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems -Volume 2, pages 797-804, 2008.","title":"Constitutive interoperability","authors":"K Amit, Munindar P Chopra, Singh","year":"2008","venue":"Proceedings of the 7th International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":7,"raw":"[Chopra and Singh, 2009] AK Chopra and MP Singh. Mul- tiagent commitment alignment. In Proceedings of The 8th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems -Volume 2, pages 937-944, 2009.","title":"AK Chopra and MP Singh. Multiagent commitment alignment","authors":"Singh Chopra","year":"2009","venue":"Proceedings of The 8th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":8,"raw":"[Chopra and Singh, 2015a] Amit K. Chopra and Munindar P. Singh. Cupid: Commitments in Relational Algebra. In Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 2052-2059, 2015.","title":"Cupid: Commitments in Relational Algebra","authors":"Chopra, K Singh ; Amit, Munindar P Chopra, Singh","year":"2015","venue":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":9,"raw":"[Chopra and Singh, 2015b] Amit K. Chopra and Munindar P. Singh. Generalized Commitment Alignment. In Proceed- ings of the 14th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, pages 453-461, 2015.","title":"Generalized Commitment Alignment","authors":"Chopra, K Singh ; Amit, Munindar P Chopra, Singh","year":"2015","venue":"Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":10,"raw":"[Cranefield, 2005] Stephen Cranefield. A Rule Language for Modelling and Monitoring Social Expectations in Multi-Agent Systems. In Coordination, Organization, Institutions and Norms in Multi-Agent Systems. Lecture Notes in Computer Science., volume 3913, pages 246-258. Springer, 2005.","title":"A Rule Language for Modelling and Monitoring Social Expectations in Multi-Agent Systems","authors":"Stephen Cranefield","year":"2005","venue":"Coordination, Organization, Institutions and Norms in Multi-Agent Systems","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":"/proceedings/2005/248"},{"position":11,"raw":"[Criado et al., 2013] N Criado, E. Argente, P. Noriega, and V. Botti. Reasoning about constitutive norms in BDI agents. Logic Journal of the IGPL, 22(1):66-93, 2013.","title":"Reasoning about constitutive norms in BDI agents","authors":"E Criado, P Argente, V Noriega, Botti","year":"2013","venue":"Logic Journal of the IGPL","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":12,"raw":"[Günay et al., 2015] Akın Günay , Michael Winikoff, and Pınar Yolum. Dynamically generated commitment proto- cols in open systems. Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, 29:192-229, 2015.","title":"Dynamically generated commitment protocols in open systems","authors":"Akın Günay, Michael Winikoff, Pınar Yolum","year":"2015","venue":"Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":13,"raw":"[Huget and Odell, 2004] Marc-Philippe Huget and James Odell. Representing agent interaction protocols with agent UML. In Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Agent-Oriented Software Engineering (AOSE 2000), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, volume 3382, pages 16 -30, 2004.","title":"Representing agent interaction protocols with agent UML","authors":"Odell ; Marc-Philippe Huget, James Huget, Odell","year":"2004","venue":"Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Agent-Oriented Software Engineering (AOSE 2000)","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":14,"raw":"[King et al., 2017] Thomas C. King, Marina De Vos, Virginia Dignum, Catholijn M. Jonker, Tingting Li, Julian Padget, and M. Birna van Riemsdijk. Automated multi-level governance compliance checking. Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, 2017.","title":"Automated multi-level governance compliance checking","authors":"Thomas C King, Marina De Vos, Virginia Dignum, Catholijn M Jonker, Tingting Li, Julian Padget, M Birna Van Riemsdijk","year":"2017","venue":"Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":15,"raw":"[King, 2016] Thomas C. King. Governing Governance: A Formal Framework for Analysing Institutional Design and Enactment Governance. PhD thesis, Delft University of Technology, 2016.","title":"Governing Governance: A Formal Framework for Analysing Institutional Design and Enactment Governance","authors":"Thomas C King","year":"2016","venue":null,"doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":16,"raw":"[Miller and Mcginnis, 2007] Tim Miller and Jarred Mcginnis. Amongst First-Class Protocols. In Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Engineering Societies in the Agents World (ESAW 2007). Lecture Notes in Computer Science., volume 1957, pages 208 -223, 2007.","title":"Amongst First-Class Protocols","authors":"Mcginnis Miller, Tim Miller, Jarred Mcginnis","year":"1957","venue":"Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Engineering Societies in the Agents World (ESAW 2007)","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":17,"raw":"[Omicini et al., 2008] Andrea Omicini, Alessandro Ricci, and Mirko Viroli. Artifacts in the A&A meta-model for multi-agent systems. Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, 17(3):432-456, 2008.","title":"Artifacts in the A&A meta-model for multi-agent systems","authors":"Andrea Omicini, Alessandro Ricci, Mirko Viroli","year":"2008","venue":"Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":18,"raw":"[Pitt et al., 2001] Jeremy Pitt, Lloyd Kamara, and Alexander Artikis. Interaction patterns and observable commitments in a multi-agent trading scenario. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Autonomous Agents, pages 481-488, 2001.","title":"Interaction patterns and observable commitments in a multi-agent trading scenario","authors":"Jeremy Pitt, Lloyd Kamara, Alexander Artikis","year":"2001","venue":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Autonomous Agents","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":19,"raw":"[Searle, 1995] John R. Searle. The Construction of Social Reality. The Free Press, New York, 1995.","title":"The Construction of Social Reality","authors":"John R Searle","year":"1995","venue":null,"doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":20,"raw":"[Singh, 1999] MP Singh. An ontology for commitments in multiagent systems: Toward a unification of normative concepts. Artificial Intelligence and Law, 7:97-113, 1999.","title":"An ontology for commitments in multiagent systems: Toward a unification of normative concepts","authors":"Singh","year":"1999","venue":"Artificial Intelligence and Law","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":21,"raw":"[Singh, 2011] Munindar P. Singh. Information-driven interaction-oriented programming: BSPL, the blindingly simple protocol language. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems -Volume 2, pages 491-498, 2011.","title":"Information-driven interaction-oriented programming: BSPL, the blindingly simple protocol language","authors":"P Munindar, Singh","year":"2011","venue":"Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":22,"raw":"[Singh, 2012] Munindar Singh. Semantics and Verification of Information-Based Protocols. In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems -Volume 2, pages 1149-1156, 2012.","title":"Semantics and Verification of Information-Based Protocols","authors":"Munindar Singh","year":"2012","venue":"Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":23,"raw":"[Yadav et al., 2015] Nitin Yadav, Michael Winikoff, and Lin Padgham. HAPN: Hierarchical Agent Protocol Notation. In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Coordination, Organisation, Institutions and Norms in Multi-Agent Systems (COIN@IJCAI), 2015.","title":"HAPN: Hierarchical Agent Protocol Notation","authors":"Nitin Yadav, Michael Winikoff, Lin Padgham","year":"2015","venue":"Proceedings of the International Workshop on Coordination, Organisation, Institutions and Norms in Multi-Agent Systems (COIN@IJCAI)","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":24,"raw":"[Yolum and Singh, 2002] Pınar Yolum and Munindar P. Singh. Flexible Protocol Specification and Execution: Applying Event Calculus Planning using Commitments. In Proceedings of the first International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems: part 2, pages 527-534, Bologna, Italy, 2002.","title":"Flexible Protocol Specification and Execution: Applying Event Calculus Planning using Commitments","authors":"Singh Yolum, Pınar Yolum, Munindar P Singh","year":"2002","venue":"Proceedings of the first International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems: part 2","doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null}],"license_note":"Copyright International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence."}