{"type":"ScholarlyArticle","title":"GDL-III: A Description Language for Epistemic General Game Playing","authors":[{"name":"Michael Thielscher","slug":"michael-thielscher","given":"Michael","family":"Thielscher","affiliation":"School of Computer Science and Engineering University of New South Wales , Australia"}],"abstract":"GDL-III, a description language for general game playing with imperfect information and introspection, supports the specification of epistemic games. These are characterised by rules that depend on the knowledge of players. GDL-III provides a simpler language for representing actions and knowledge than existing formalisms: domain descriptions require neither explicit axioms about the epistemic effects of actions, nor explicit specifications of accessibility relations. We develop a formal semantics for GDL-III and demonstrate that this language, despite its syntactic simplicity, is expressive enough to model the famous Muddy Children domain. We also show that it significantly enhances the expressiveness of its predecessor GDL-II by formally proving that termination of games becomes undecidable, and we present experimental results with a reasoner for GDL-III applied to general epistemic puzzles.","doi":"10.24963/ijcai.2017/177","url":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2017/177","pdf":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2017/0177.pdf","markdown":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2017/177.md","bibtex":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2017/bibtex/177","volume":{"slug":"2017","title":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","short_title":"IJCAI 2017","url":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2017/","year":2017,"location":"Melbourne, Australia","dates":"19-25 August 2017","editors":"Carles Sierra","isbn":"978-0-9992411-0-3","publisher":"International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization","doi_prefix":"10.24963/ijcai.2017"},"section":"Knowledge Representation, Reasoning, and Logic","track":"Main track","number":177,"pages":{"first":1276,"last":1282},"keywords":["Knowledge Representation, Reasoning, and Logic: Common-Sense Reasoning","Knowledge Representation, Reasoning, and Logic: Knowledge Representation Languages","Knowledge Representation, Reasoning, and Logic: Action, Change and Causality","Multidisciplinary Topics and Applications: Computer Games"],"videos":[],"references":[{"position":1,"raw":"1 (role ann) (role bob) (role random) 2 (init q0) (init blank) (init (right ann))","title":"1 (role ann) (role bob) (role random) 2 (init q0) (init blank) (init (right ann))","authors":null,"year":null,"venue":null,"doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":2,"raw":"not (true (right bob))) (pre ?r ?x))","title":"))","authors":null,"year":null,"venue":null,"doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":3,"raw":"knows albert notKnowsDate bernard))","title":"knows albert notKnowsDate bernard)","authors":null,"year":null,"venue":null,"doi":null,"url":null,"internal_url":null},{"position":4,"raw":"[Ågotnes and van Ditmarsch, 2011] Thomas Ågotnes and Hans van Ditmarsch. 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