---
title: "Directions in Hybrid Intelligence: Complementing AI Systems with Human Intelligence"
authors:
  - "Ece Kamar"
doi: ""
url: "https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2016/603"
pdf: "https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2016/0603.pdf"
venue: "Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence"
year: 2016
pages: "4070-4072"
track: ""
keywords:
---

# Directions in Hybrid Intelligence: Complementing AI Systems with Human Intelligence

Ece Kamar

*Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence*, pages 4070-4072.

## Abstract

Hybrid intelligence systems combine machine and human intelligence to overcome the shortcomings of existing AI systems. This paper reviews recent research efforts towards developing hybrid systems focusing on reasoning methods for optimizing access to human intelligence and on gaining comprehensive understanding of humans as helpers of AI systems. It concludes by discussing short and long term research directions.