Player Goal Recognition in Open-World Digital Games with Long Short-Term Memory Networks

Min, Wookhee; Mott, Bradford W.; Rowe, Jonathan P.; Liu, Barry; Lester, James C.

Player Goal Recognition in Open-World Digital Games with Long Short-Term Memory Networks

Wookhee Min, Bradford W. Mott, Jonathan P. Rowe, Barry Liu, James C. Lester

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Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Pages 2590-2595.

Abstract

Recent years have seen a growing interest in player modeling for digital games. Goal recognition, which aims to accurately recognize players' goals from observations of low-level player actions, is a key problem in player modeling. However, player goal recognition poses significant challenges because of the inherent complexity and uncertainty pervading gameplay. In this paper, we formulate player goal recognition as a sequence labeling task and introduce a goal recognition framework based on long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. Results show that LSTM-based goal recognition is significantly more accurate than previous state-of-the-art methods, including n-gram encoded feedforward neural networks pre-trained with stacked denoising autoencoders, as well as Markov logic network-based models. Because of increased goal recognition accuracy and the elimination of labor-intensive feature engineering, LSTM-based goal recognition provides an effective solution to a central problem in player modeling for open-world digital games.

Wookhee Min, Bradford W. Mott, Jonathan P. Rowe, Barry Liu, and James C. Lester. 2016. Player Goal Recognition in Open-World Digital Games with Long Short-Term Memory Networks. In Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI-16. IJCAI, 2590–2595. https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2016/368

@inproceedings{ijcai2016p368,
  title     = {Player Goal Recognition in Open-World Digital Games with Long Short-Term Memory Networks},
  author    = {Min, Wookhee and Mott, Bradford W. and Rowe, Jonathan P. and Liu, Barry and Lester, James C.},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Joint Conference on
               Artificial Intelligence, {IJCAI-16}},
  publisher = {AAAI Press / International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence},
  editor    = {Subbarao Kambhampati},
  pages     = {2590--2595},
  year      = {2016},
  month     = {7},
  url       = {https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2016/368},
}

TY  - CPAPER
TI  - Player Goal Recognition in Open-World Digital Games with Long Short-Term Memory Networks
AU  - Min, Wookhee
AU  - Mott, Bradford W.
AU  - Rowe, Jonathan P.
AU  - Liu, Barry
AU  - Lester, James C.
T2  - Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI-16
PB  - AAAI Press / International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence
PY  - 2016
SP  - 2590
EP  - 2595
UR  - https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2016/368
ER  -