{"type":"ScholarlyArticle","title":"A* Search with Inconsistent Heuristics","authors":[{"name":"Zhifu Zhang","slug":"zhifu-zhang","given":"Zhifu","family":"Zhang","affiliation":""},{"name":"Nathan R. Sturtevant","slug":"nathan-r-sturtevant","given":"Nathan R.","family":"Sturtevant","affiliation":""},{"name":"Robert C. Holte","slug":"robert-c-holte","given":"Robert C.","family":"Holte","affiliation":""},{"name":"Jonathan Schaeffer","slug":"jonathan-schaeffer","given":"Jonathan","family":"Schaeffer","affiliation":""},{"name":"Ariel Felner","slug":"ariel-felner","given":"Ariel","family":"Felner","affiliation":""}],"abstract":"Early research in heuristic search discovered that using inconsistent heuristics with A* could result in an exponential increase in the number of node expansions. As a result, the use of inconsistent heuristics has largely disappeared from practice. Recently, inconsistent heuristics have been shown to be effective in IDA*, especially when applying the bidirectional pathmax (BPMX) enhancement. This paper presents new worst-case complexity analysis of A*'s behavior with inconsistent heuristics, discusses how BPMX can be used with A*, and gives experimental results justifying the use of inconsistent heuristics in A* searches.Zhifu Zhang, Nathan R. Sturtevant, Robert Holte, Jonathan Schaeffer, Ariel Felner","doi":null,"url":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2009/111","pdf":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2009/0111.pdf","markdown":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2009/111.md","bibtex":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2009/bibtex/111","volume":{"slug":"2009","title":"Proceedings of the Twenty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","short_title":"IJCAI 2009","url":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2009/","year":2009,"location":"Pasadena, California, USA","dates":"","editors":"Hiroaki Kitano","isbn":"","publisher":"International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence","doi_prefix":""},"section":null,"track":"","number":111,"pages":{"first":634,"last":638},"keywords":[],"videos":[],"references":[],"license_note":"Copyright International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence."}