---
title: "Quantifying information and contradiction in propositional logic through test actions"
authors:
  - "Sébastien Konieczny"
  - "Jérôme Lang"
  - "Pierre Marquis"
doi: ""
url: "https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2003/15"
pdf: "https://ijcai.org/proceedings/2003/0015.pdf"
venue: "Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence"
year: 2003
pages: "106-110"
track: ""
keywords:
---

# Quantifying information and contradiction in propositional logic through test actions

Sébastien Konieczny, Jérôme Lang, Pierre Marquis

*Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence*, pages 106-110.

## Abstract

Degrees of information and of contradiction are investigated within a uniform propositional framework, based on test actions. We consider that the degree of information of a propositional formula is based on the cost of actions needed to identify the truth values of each atomic proposition, while the degree of contradiction of a formula is based on the cost of actions needed to make the formula classically consistent. Our definitions are to a large extent independent of the underlying propositional logic; this flexibility is of prime importance since there is no unique, fully accepted logic for reasoning under inconsistency.