---
title: "Vehicles Capable of Dynamic Vision"
authors:
  - "Ernst D. Dickmanns"
doi: ""
url: "https://ijcai.org/proceedings/1997/231"
pdf: "https://ijcai.org/proceedings/1997/0231.pdf"
venue: "Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence"
year: 1997
pages: "1577-1591"
track: "Invited Speakers"
keywords:
---

# Vehicles Capable of Dynamic Vision

Ernst D. Dickmanns

*Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence*, pages 1577-1591.

## Abstract

A survey is given on two decades of developments in the field, encompassing an increase in computing power by four orders of magnitude. The '4-D approach' integrating expectation-based methods from systems dynamics and control engineering with methods from AI has allowed to create vehicles with unprecedented capabilities in the technical realm: Autonomous road vehicle guidance in public traffic on freeways at speeds beyond 130 km/h, on-board-autonomous landing approaches of aircraft, and landmark navigation for AGV's, for ro ad vehicles including turn-offs onto cross-roads, and for helicopters in low-level flight (real-time, hardware-in-the-loop simulations in the latter case).