---
title: "Planning Under Uncertainty: Some Key Issues"
authors:
  - "Gregg Collins"
  - "Louise Pryor"
doi: ""
url: "https://ijcai.org/proceedings/1995/202"
pdf: "https://ijcai.org/proceedings/1995/0202.pdf"
venue: "Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence"
year: 1995
pages: "1567-1574"
track: "Planning"
keywords:
---

# Planning Under Uncertainty: Some Key Issues

Gregg Collins, Louise Pryor

*Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence*, pages 1567-1574.

## Abstract

A planner in the real world must be able to handle uncertainty. It must be able to reason about the effect of uncertainty on its plans, select plans that avoid uncertain outcomes when possible, and make contingency plans aga.inst different possible outcomes when uncertamty cannot be avoided. We have constructed such a planner, Cassandra, which has these properties. Using Cassandra, we have produced the first general solution to the keys and boxes challenge problem proposed by Michie over twenty years ago.