{"type":"ScholarlyArticle","title":"Joint Utterance: Intrasentential Speaker/Hearer Switch as an Emergent Phenomenon","authors":[{"name":"Kôiti Hasida","slug":"koiti-hasida","given":"Kôiti","family":"Hasida","affiliation":"Electrotechnical Laboratory 1-1-4 Umezono , Tukuba Ibaraki 305 , Japan"},{"name":"Katashi Nagao","slug":"katashi-nagao","given":"Katashi","family":"Nagao","affiliation":"University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113 , Japan; Sony Computer Science Lab. Inc. 3-14-13 Higashi-gotanda , Shinagawa-ku , Tokyo 141 , Japan"},{"name":"Takashi Miyata","slug":"takashi-miyata","given":"Takashi","family":"Miyata","affiliation":"University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113 , Japan"}],"abstract":"A totally constraint-based computational architecture is proposed and applied to natural language processing. Here constraint means a design orthogonal to information flow, so as to implement diverse patterns of computation requisite in intelligent systems. In this architecture, declarative semantics is given by measuring the degree of violation of a constraint in terms of real valued potential energy, and context-sensitive control of computation emerges from the dynamics defined thereof. Joint utterance with role switching between a speaker and a hearer in the midst of one sentence is accounted for as a corollary of constraint-based design plus this dynamical control, without recourse to any procedures specific to sentence parsing, generation, role switching, and so on. Since constraint does not refer to information flow, input and output are tightly coupled within a constraint module which is embodied as feedback loops coupling the system and its environment. Joint utterance emerges when the dynamical effect towards that constraint changes and flips this constraint between input and output, while some other constraints ar e continuously satisfied.","doi":null,"url":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/1993/165","pdf":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/1993/0165.pdf","markdown":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/1993/165.md","bibtex":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/1993/bibtex/165","volume":{"slug":"1993","title":"Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","short_title":"IJCAI 1993","url":"https://ijcai.org/proceedings/1993/","year":1993,"location":"Chambéry, France","dates":"","editors":"Ruzena Bajcsy","isbn":"","publisher":"International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence","doi_prefix":""},"section":"Natural Language","track":"Natural Language","number":165,"pages":{"first":1193,"last":1200},"keywords":[],"videos":[],"references":[{"position":1,"raw":"[Boddy and Dean, 1989] M. Boddy and T. Dean. 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