---
title: "BEINGS: Knowledge as Interacting Experts"
authors:
  - "Douglas B. Lenat"
doi: ""
url: "https://ijcai.org/proceedings/1975/20"
pdf: "https://ijcai.org/proceedings/1975/0020.pdf"
venue: "Proceedings of the Fourth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence"
year: 1975
pages: "126-132"
track: "Representation Of Problems and Knowledge"
keywords:
---

# BEINGS: Knowledge as Interacting Experts

Douglas B. Lenat

*Proceedings of the Fourth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence*, pages 126-132.

## Abstract

Knowll'dge may be organized as a community of interacting modules. Each module is grantl'd a compll'X structun~. to simulate a particular P.Xpl'rl in some small domain . An l'XIt>nclt>d' analogy is drawn to a group of coopt>rating human ~pecialists. Basf.'d on this, an intt>rnal constraint is imposl'd on thl' modult>s : Tht'ir structure must be standard ovt>r thl' entire community. Some advantagt>s of a uniform fonnalism are thP.rf.'by prt'st>rved . An expt'rimt>ntal community was implrmentf.'d for the task domain of automatir. programrnin~ . It has managed to syntht'size a few mductJVP. mft'rP.nct' LISP programs, nonformally, from spt>ofic restnctP.d dialogues with a human user.