---
title: "Natural Semantics in Artificial Intelligence"
authors:
  - "James R. Carbonell"
  - "Allan M. Collins"
doi: ""
url: "https://ijcai.org/proceedings/1973/44"
pdf: "https://ijcai.org/proceedings/1973/0044.pdf"
venue: "Proceedings of the Third International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence"
year: 1973
pages: "344-350"
track: "Natural Language; Semantics and Parsing"
keywords:
---

# Natural Semantics in Artificial Intelligence

James R. Carbonell, Allan M. Collins

*Proceedings of the Third International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence*, pages 344-350.

## Abstract

This paper discusses human semantic knowledge and processing in terms of the SCHOLAR system. In one major section we discuss the imprecision, the incompleteness, the openendedness, and the uncertainty of people's knowledge. In the other major section we discuss strategies people use to make different types of deductive, negative, and functional inferences, and the way uncertainties combine in these inferences.